Are you confused about words? Perhaps this is a sign of early dementia.

Frontotemporal dementia is a complex of diseases affecting the frontal and temporal lobes and indicating the progressive loss of neurons in these areas of the brain.

The changes are as follows:
- deterioration of behavior and personality disorders;
- speech disorder;
- impaired motor or muscle coordination functions.

Frontotemporal dementia includes: frontotemporal diseases, frontotemporal degeneration, diseases of the frontal lobes. After the age of 65, they are less common than Alzheimer's disease. Between the ages of 45 and 65, it is as common as Alzheimer's disease. Frontal lobe dementia affects women and men in approximately equal proportions.
Frontotemporal dementia with behavioral disorders causes significant personality changes and impaired interpersonal relationships. Patients are usually people between the ages of 50 and 60, but it can also affect extreme age groups (20-30 years old; 80 years old).
Primary progressive aphasia is a frontotemporal degeneration that affects the ability to communicate, speak, write, and understand. It usually starts before the age of 65. Generally speaking, it can be divided into a semantic variant, which manifests itself in the loss of the ability to understand and formulate words, as well as a grammatical variant.
Motor function disorders are three main diseases: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, corticobasal syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or Lou Gehrig's disease is manifested by muscle weakness and atrophy. Corticobasal syndrome is defined by impaired hand-leg coordination or paralysis. Under the palette of progressive supranuclear palsy, the following are found: muscle rigidity, gait difficulties, posture changes, and impaired eyeball movement.
Physiology of the disease
Frontal lobe dementia is characterized by loss of neurons, synapses, and impaired synthesis and secretion of neurotransmitters. There is atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes and degeneration of the striated body. Thus, changes targeting the anterior frontal and temporal orbitomedial regions will lead to behavioral inhibition.
Apathy occurs due to damage to the dorsolateral frontal cortex. The symptoms are caused by noticeable changes in the striatum, and lesions in the right hemisphere cause changes in social behavior.
Memory, language, emotions, understanding of words, speech, reading, writing and the establishment of appropriate connections between words to give meaning have the main centers at the level of the frontal lobes. For this reason, people with frontotemporal dementia will have difficulty recognizing emotions and responding appropriately to them.
The left temporal lobe plays a role both in understanding words and in integrating and processing emotions related to objects or certain actions. For this reason, a person suffering from frontotemporal dementia may not notice the danger of certain objects or their actions.
The resulting dysfunctions are caused by the accumulation of tau protein (a protein that is involved in the formation of the cell cytoskeleton), the expression of certain genes and progranulin (a substance involved in cell growth and inflammation). The place of the destroyed neurons will be occupied by supporting cells (glial cells), this phenomenon is called gliosis.
Etiology
One third of cases of frontal lobe dementia are inherited genetically. The literature presents a hypothesis about a combination of genetic, medical and environmental factors. Most often, the disease occurs in the family, with genetic transmission present in 10-15% of cases. In addition, children whose mothers suffered from this disease have a 50% risk of developing frontotemporal dementia, so genetic counseling is important.
The main genes causing the disease are: MAPT, GRN and C9ORF72. Genetic studies conducted on people suffering from this pathology have shown that the altered genes are located on the long arm of chromosome 17 (chromosome 17q21-22). Changes in chromosomes 3 and 9 may also be affected, especially when dementia is associated with central motor neuron syndrome. Pour profiter du code promo melbet vous permet de débloquer un bonus 1er dépôt de 200 % jusqu'à 200 € sur le sport (le montant exact varie selon les pays). plusieurs solutions de paiement sont disponibles, y compris les plus populaires en Afrique. Melbet propose un large éventail de solutions de paiement, parfaitement adaptées aux utilisateurs africains et internationaux. Que ce soit pour déposer ou retirer, la plateforme garantit rapidité, simplicité et flexibilité.